The Southern Red Sea region is a land of opportunities as well as a land riddled with challenges. The putting in place of service rendering institutions in such a hostile climatic area is indeed beyond compare opportunity to the inhabitants of the region. Much of the development undertakings that have been registered in this area of the country require not only huge material costs but resistance of the people who engage themselves towards the realization of a better tomorrow.

A number of people have been visiting the historic trenches of Nakfa. Every one of the visitors never leaves the site of a chain of trenches that stretch for a number of kilometers without expressing admiration and sharing concerns about keeping  them in their original state and bequeathing the legacies to future generations . These trenches were the very haven of Eritrea’s freedom fighters and also hope of the inevitable independence. Despite people’s admirations and timely concerns, however, it is the two sisters’ Miss. Roma Zeru and Leul Zeru who took practical initiative to achieve the desired end of keeping the trenches intact. This first of its kind initiative to renovate the trenches that were once strongholds of the EPLF during the 11 year fierce battle that was held in Nakfa and its environs, particularly after the strategic withdrawal of 1978, makes these two sisters feel proud to be pioneers of such an engagement.

New discoveries resulted a new adventure for further excavation, the excavations have also prompted for a chain of further studies, the outcomes of the studies have been also calling for a further study each of which making researchers wonder of the vastness of the very ancestral history, its associations, its similarities and differences, the very cognitive level of the people who lived in a very ancient period, their contribution to today’s global development and much more wonders that are yet to be revealed with the ever-continuing researching activity.

As mentioned earlier in the two parts of this article, the archeological findings discovered in the late 2011 harbor in them rich historical information that transcends beyond a mere imagination. This later finding is expected to overtake the earlier human fossil records. With this finding, Clement Zanolli, Post- Doc paleoanthropology researcher from France National Museum said “We got the opportunity to discover a new specimen that ages more than one million years which is quite relevant in further reinforcing the human fossil record that was confined to only a few specimens, especially in Africa.”

The most recent discovery of human cranium (in November 2011) is uniquely important for it signals the availability of a historically decisive development in the study of human evolution. Tsegay Medin, who earned his MA Degree as Paleontologist in Spain, found a very ancient cranium in Mulhuli-Amo near the Buya Site- where a one-Million year old human skull was discovered more than a decade ago.

The actual chain of human evolution still remains a mystery. The more new findings are discovered, the more the mysteries are heightened. Many archeological findings that were expected to fill the gap of human evolution are far more challenged with the discovery of new findings. Fossil findings that were once recorded as the more ancient have now been overtaken by far more ancient findings. The discovery of new fossils in Eritrea is one of the earliest of similar findings in the African continent. Despite being the ancient fossils, the findings have not yet been fully segmented into pieces and are more appropriate to the reconstruction of the earliest ancestral evolutions. Encouraged by such like discoveries, Eritrea’s National Museum has been working in a wide range of sites along with a group of archaeologists, anthropologist, geologists, sedimentologists, paleontologists and paleoanthropologists form the Universities of Italy and France. All these professionals have been giving a witness to the ever-going findings through personally participating in the fields of excavations and later lab researches.